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(indexable)
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cutters
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(indexable)
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Precision tools
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devices
Reamers
(HSS/Carbide/
Indexable)
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Taps & Dies
Threading tools
(indexable)
Threading tools
(solid)
Toolholders
Turning tools
Universal adaptors
Vices
Vice jaws
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Workholding
- The section for threading is a diverse one in as much as it covers a multitude of applications where one part is required to be joined together with another. The threads produced are external male, and internal female, and can be produced several ways relating to the part itself and the method of manufacture.
To date whilst most of the thread forms available are well recognized and are covered by the International Standards Organisation (ISO), there still remains no common adoption of a single thread form.
Further expansion of the field even comes within a thread form for example metric. There is different tolerance bands dependant upon the final outcome with ISO 2 (6H) being the normal tolerance for standard metric threads with a 6mm thread being M6 x 1.
However a 6mm thread to ISO 3 (6G) tolerance is oversize M6 x 1 +0.024, while the same thread to ISO 1 (4H) is undersize M6 x 1 -0.024. Then there are the different thread forms from Metric, Metric Fine, Whitworth, UNC, UNF, NPT, BSPT etc.
Choosing the most appropriate method depends on the application itself and number of threaded parts to produce. Tapping is a common method and is divided simply into two categories thread cutting and thread rolling (also known as thread forming), each category is then sub divided into blind or through holes
Thread turning and more latterly thread milling are also generally accepted ways to produce threaded parts, click on the highlighted link to select the tools required. - Securing mating parts by way of a removable fixation requires both an external and internal thread form, known as a screw thread. The external thread is produced on the surface of a cylinder or cone (think of a bolt) and the internal thread is produced on the internal surface of a cylinder or cone (think of a nut).
The terminology used to describe a thread is often quite simple, for example M10 x 1.5, but to avoid confusion it is best to understand the correct terminology.
Major diameter: - The largest diameter of a screw thread.
- Minor diameter:
- The smallest diameter of a screw thread.
- Nominal diameter:
- The diameter from which the diameter limits are derived by the application and the tolerance and allowance values.
- Pitch diameter:
- A point on an imaginary cylinder where the surface intersects a point between the thread form and the groove which are equal distance.
Thread Pitch: The measured distance between corresponding points of adjacent thread form crests parallel to the axis, measured in millimetres for metric or TPI (threads per inch) for imperial.
Crest:- The high point of the thread form.
Root:- The low point of the thread groove.
Depth of thread:- The distance between the crest and root measured normal to the axis.
- Straight thread: A thread formed on a cylinder.
Taper thread: A thread formed on a cone.
Lead: The distance a part moves axially in one full revolution in relation to a mating part. The lead is equal to the pitch multiplied by the number of thread starts.
Helix angle:- With a straight thread, where the lead of the thread and the pitch diameter circle circumference form a right angled triangle. The helix angle is the angle opposite the lead.
Right hand thread: When viewed axially winds in a clockwise direction.
Left hand thread: When viewed axially winds in an anti-clockwise direction.
A thread can be produced in a variety of different ways either with a rotary tool such as a “tap, a die” or a “thread mill” or with an indexable tool with replaceable inserts. With inserts there are a few styles but the common types are a Full profile or a partial profile.
A full profile will form a complete thread including topping the crest, and a separate insert is required for every pitch and thread standard.
A partial profile will cut a thread form without topping the crest which is the major diameter. However, the same insert can be used for a number of thread pitches which have a common angle.
.- Other Links:-
- Tapping
- Thread Turning
- Thread Milling
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